Afterlife as Motivation for Later Life Education among Elderly Women: Evidence from Bauchi Emirate North-Eastern Nigeria

Kabiru Aminu  Garba; Abubakar Yakubu

doi:10.31538/tijie.v3i2.164

Authors

Kabiru Aminu Garba Federal University of Kashere Gombe State Nigeria
Abubakar Yakubu Department of Sociology Federal University of Kashere, Gombe State Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31538/tijie.v3i2.164

Keywords:

Extrinsic Motivation, Intrinsic motivation, Afterlife, Later Life Education

Abstract

This study explores the motivation for later life education among elderly women (60+) in Northeastern Nigeria. Intrinsic and extrinsic dimensions of motivation were explored in relation to personal, historical, and institutional influences based on an orientation of Activity, Life-course, and Gerotranscendence theories. To achieve the research aims, three research questions were posed. First, what are the historical and institutional basis of motivation for later life education among elderly women? Secondly, how do intrinsic and extrinsic dimensions of motivation influence later life education among elderly women? Thirdly, how can improvement in later life education result in better coping among elderly women? Information was obtained using qualitative methods. Findings reveal that extrinsic motivation stems from historical links between Bauchi Emirate and Sokoto Caliphate as a center for Islamic civilization. Further, since the social institutions in the Bauchi emirate were a replication of the model of society promoted by the Jihad and the caliphate administration, later life education among elderly women is encouraged. As evident from the data generated on personal motivation factors, the majority of elderly women see later life education as an important coping prerequisite arising from intrinsic motivation with the most common reasons given as spiritual and religious benefits. A major finding of the present study relates to how motivation for later-life learning is regarded as a means of perfection in spiritual engagement for a successful transition to the afterlife. The study offers a number of recommendations for improved motivation for later life education among elderly women.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Albrecht, JR, SA Karabenick - The Journal of Experimental, and undefined 2018. “Relevance for Learning and Motivation in Education.” Taylor & Francis 86, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220973.2017.1380593.

Argumento, DK Dunaway - Revista Tempo e, and undefined 2018. “The Development of Oral History in the United States: The Evolution toward Interdisciplinary.” Redalyc.Org, n.d.

Aubret, Arthur, Laetitia Matignon, and Salima Hassas. “A Survey on Intrinsic Motivation in Reinforcement Learning,” August 19, 2019.

Baars, J, D Dannefer, C Phillipson, and A Walker. Aging, Globalization and Inequality: The New Critical Gerontology, 2016.

Beek, Van. “Intensive Slave Raiding in the Colonial Interstice: Hamman Yaji and the Mandara Mountains (North Cameroon and North-Eastern Nigeria)No Title.” The Journal of African History 53, no. 03 (2012): 301–23.

Bengtson, Vern L., and Marguerite DeLiema. “Theories of Aging and Social Gerontology: Explanining How Social Factors Influence Well-Being in Later Life.” Gerontology: Changes, Challenges, and Solutions [2 Volumes]: Changes, Challenges, and Solutions, 2016, 25–56.

Bindoff, Aidan D., Mathew J. Summers, Edward Hill, Jane Alty, and James C. Vickers. “Studying at University in Later Life Slows Cognitive Decline: A Long‐term Prospective Study.” Alzheimer’s & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions 7, no. 1 (January 2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/TRC2.12207.

Chukwuorji, JBC, MB Nwoke, and MO Ebere. “Stressful Life Events, Family Support and Successful Ageing in the Biafran War Generation.” Aging & Mental Health, 2017.

Courtney, Sean. “Why Adults Learn: Towards a Theory of Participation in Adult Education.” Why Adults Learn: Towards a Theory of Participation in Adult Education, January 1, 2018, 1–191. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429435751/ADULTS-LEARN-SEAN-COURTNEY.

Dalmida, Safiya George, Katryna McCoy, Harold G. Koenig, Aretha Miller, Marcia Mc Donnell Holstad, Tami Thomas, Dora Clayton-Jones, et al. “Examination of the Role of Religious and Psychosocial Factors in HIV Medication Adherence Rates.” Journal of Religion and Health 56, no. 6 (December 11, 2017): 2144–61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-017-0377-1.

Enkhmandal, Sengee. “Development of Gerontology and Geriatrics in Mongolia.” Research Results in Biomedicine 7, no. 1 (2021): 72–79. https://doi.org/10.18413/2658-6533-2020-7-1-0-7.

Findsen, B, and M Formosa. Lifelong Learning in Later Life, 2012.

Graham, Steve, and Joe F. Donaldson. “Adult Students’ Academic and Intellectual Development in College.” Adult Education Quarterly 49, no. 3 (1999): 147–61. https://doi.org/10.1177/074171369904900302.

Grinberga-zalite, Gunta, Evija Liepa, and Vilma Atkočiūnienė. “Society Aging Problems and Their Solutions.” Regional Formation and Development Studies 3, no. 17 (2015): 51–59.

Hamedanchi, Arya, Nasibeh Zanjari, Hamid Reza Khankeh, and Yadollah Abolfathi Momtaz. “Phenomenology in Gerontology: From Philosophy to Method.” Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews 17, no. 4 (2021): 220–30. https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082217666211105091239.

Jenkins, Andrew. “Participation in Learning and Wellbeing among Older Adults.” International Journal of Lifelong Education 30, no. 3 (May 2011): 403–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/02601370.2011.570876.

Joffe, Helene. “‘Thematic Analysis.’” Qualitative Research Methods in Mental Health and Psychotherapy: A Guide for Students and Practitioners 1 (2012): 210–23.

Little, W, S Vyain, and G Scaramuzzo. Introduction to Sociology-1st Canadian Edition. Academia.Edu. Vol. BC Open, 2012.

Lloyd-Sherlock, Peter. “Population Ageing and Health.” Population Ageing and International Development, 2018, 91–116. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt9qgsfc.11.

Locke, EA, K Schattke - Motivation Science, and undefined 2019. “Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation: Time for Expansion and Clarification.” Psycnet.Apa.Org, n.d.

Locke, Edwin A, and Kaspar Schattke. “Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation: Time for Expansion and Clarification Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation 2,” 2018. https://doi.org/10.1037/mot0000116.

Mackowicz, Jolanta, and Joanna Wnek-Gozdek. “‘It’s Never Too Late to Learn’–How Does the Polish U3A Change the Quality of Life for Seniors?” Educational Gerontology 42, no. 3 (2016): 186–97. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601277.2015.1085789.

ONU. “World Population, Ageing.” Suggested Citation: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). World Population Ageing United Nat, no. (ST/ESA/SER.A/390 (2015): 164. https://doi.org/ST/ESA/SER.A/390.

Rahman, Aziz, and Abubakar Yakubu. “Jeedo Practice Among Elderly Women in Bauchi: A Social Capital Prospects Study.” International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research 2, no. 12 (2017): 5627–47.

Richards, Cameron, Jittra Makaphol, and Thomas Kuan. “‘Lifelong Education’ Versus ‘Learning in Later Life’: A University of the Third Age Formula for the Thailand Context?,” 2019, 247–56. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21515-6_20.

Sarlo, A, F Bagnato, and F Martinelli. “Ageing in Place and the Built Environment. Implications for the Quality of Life and the Risks of Isolation of Frail of Older People,” 2019.

Sasidharan, V, L Payne, and E Orsega-Smith. “Older Adults’ Physical Activity Participation and Perceptions of Wellbeing: Examining the Role of Social Support for Leisure.” Managing, 2006.

Schmidt-Hertha, B, M Formosa, and AF Almeida. “Active Ageing, Social Inclusion and Wellbeing: Benefits of Learning in Later Life.” RELA, 2019.

Settersten, Richard A, and VL Bengston. “Theoretical Perspectives on Biodemography of Aging and Longevity.” In Hand Book of Theories of Aging, 26, 2006.

Sommervold, C, M Goodwin - Learning & Leading with Technology, and undefined 2012. “Never Too Late to Learn.” ERIC, 2012.

STERLING, V. “Edited by Tonette S. Rocco, M Cecil Smith, Robert C. Mizzi, Lisa R. Merriweather, and Joshua D. Hawley,” 2021.

Tesch-Roemer, Clemens. “ACTIVE AGEING AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN OLD AGE.” New York and Geneva , 2012.

Tornstam, L. Gerotranscendence: A Developmental Theory of Positive Aging, 2005.

Vicerra, Paolo Miguel Manalang, and Wiraporn Pothisiri. “Trajectories of Cognitive Ageing among Thai Later-Life Adults: The Role of Education Using the Characteristics Approach.” Journal of Population and Social Studies 28, no. 4 (2020): 276–86. https://doi.org/10.25133/JPSSV28N4.019.

Yakubu, A., and M. M. Namadi. “The Spiritual And Religious Practice Of ‘ Jeedo ’ Among Elderly Women In Bauchi Emirate Of North Eastern Nigeria.” Penerbit.Uthm.Edu.My 1 (2018): 1–14.

Yakubu, A., I. Solahuddin, and A. Abdulrahman. “Pondok, Tsangaya and Spiritual Wellbeing in Old Age.” In 4th International Islamic Studies Conference Organized by Centre for Islamic Studies (CIS)Prince Songkhla University Thailand in 24-26 July 2017, 2017.

Yamashita, Takashi, Anthony R. Bardo, Darren Liu, and Ji Won Yoo. “Education, Lifelong Learning and Self-Rated Health in Later Life in the USA.” Health Education Journal 78, no. 3 (April 1, 2019): 328–39. https://doi.org/10.1177/0017896918809500.