Islamic Spiritual Approaches to Address Maladaptive Perfectionism Among Muslim University Students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31538/tijie.v7i3.2568Keywords:
Maladaptive Perfectionism, Islamic Spiritual, Burnout, Muslim Students, coping mechanismsAbstract
Maladaptive perfectionism is characterized by setting extremely high self-standards and excessive criticism, leading to serious psychological consequences, including stress, academic burnout, procrastination, and anxiety. In this context, Islamic spiritual solutions, such as tawakkul (religious belief) and sabar (patience), are considered effective approaches to building mental resilience. This study aims to identify causal factors, analyze the impact of maladaptive perfectionism on mental health and academic motivation, and explore Islamic Religious Education students' strategies for overcoming these impacts. Using a phenomenological design with a qualitative approach, informants were selected through purposive sampling: five active fifth-semester students who experience maladaptive perfectionism and actively apply Islamic spiritual solutions. Data analysis was conducted using the Miles and Huberman model. Maladaptive perfectionism is driven by a balanced interaction between internal factors (high personal standards, fear of mistakes) and external factors (parental expectations/criticism, competitive campus pressure). The main impacts are high levels of stress and academic burnout, as well as procrastination. Maladaptive perfectionism in college students is triggered by multifactorial pressures, significantly disrupting psychological well-being. Islamic spiritual strategies (dhikr, prayer, worship) and understanding Islamic Religious Education (PAI) material on faith and morals have proven effective as adaptive coping mechanisms for developing self-compassion and self-acceptance. This suggests the need for holistic student mentoring interventions, focusing on mental and spiritual balance.
Downloads
References
Abadi, N. N., Umaroh, S. K., & Ramadhan, Y. A. (2024). Perfeksionisme Dan Prokrastinasi Akademik Mahasiswa Fakultas Psikologi Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Samarinda. PAIS UNDA: Parade Ilmiah Psikologi UNTAG Samarinda, 2(1), 1–11. http://ejurnal.untag-smd.ac.id/index.php/PU/article/viewFile/8483/7116
Akib, M. M. M., Ishak, H., Zabidi, A. F. M., Sa’ari, C. Z., Muhsin, S. B. S., & Yahya, N. S. M. (2025). Systematic Literature Review of the Impact of Islamic Psychotherapy on Adolescent Spiritual Well-Being. In Journal of Religion and Health (Issue 0123456789). Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-025-02304-8
Alim, M. A., Khaeroini, A. N. R., & Jamaluddin, M. (2025). Efektivitas Teknik Journaling terhadap Penurunan Stres Akademik pada Mahasiswa. Jurnal Psikologi, 2(4), 1–10.
Anugraheni, A. R. (2021). Pengaruh Penyesuaian Akademik dan Motivasi Akademik Terhadap Technostress pada Mahasiswa. Borobudur Psychology Review, 1(2), 46–58. https://doi.org/10.31603/bpsr.5808
B. Miles, M., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis A Methods Sourcebook. Experiencing Citizenship: Concepts and Models for Service-Learning in Political Science, 109–118. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003444718-9
Baidhawi, I. (2025). Dinamika Psikologis Siswa Underachiever Dalam Sistem Pendidikan Kompetitif. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 1(2), 254–267.
Bian, J., Chen, F., Fang, S., & Wang, Y. (2025). Self-Compassion Intervention Programs for Nurses: A Scoping Review. Healthcare (Switzerland), 13(2), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13020177
Curran, Thomas, Hill, & P, A. (2019). Perfectionism is increasing over time: A meta-analysis of birth cohort differences from 1989 to 2016. European Business Review, 26(3), 206–217.
Damri, R. (2024). Penerimaan Diri Sebagai Prediktor Fear of Negative Evaluation Pada Emerging Adulthood di Indonesia. Jurnal Kajian Ilmiah, 24(1), 79–88. https://doi.org/10.31599/89tz4250
Dara, Y. L., Wolor, C. W., & Marsofiati, M. (2023). Pengaruh Perfeksionisme, Manajemen Waktu, Dan Internal Locus of Control Terhadap Prokrastinasi Akademik Mahasiswa. SERUMPUN : Journal of Education, Politic, and Social Humaniora, 1(2), 139. https://doi.org/10.61590/srp.v1i2.93
Deighton, & Bell. (2022). Athlete Burnout Symptoms are Increasing: A Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis of Average Levels from 1997 to 2019. Journal. In Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology (Vol. 44, Issue 3).
Diah, D. N., Lubis, F. Y., & Witriani, W. (2020). Efek Moderasi Resiliensi terhadap Hubungan antara Perfeksionisme dengan Kecemasan Mengerjakan Skripsi. Gadjah Mada Journal of Psychology (GamaJoP), 6(2), 178–190. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamajop.55349
Ema Fitriya, Nur Hani’ah, & Hanifatul Khofifah. (2025). Tasawuf dalam Perspektif Psikologi: Harmoni Spiritual dan Kesehatan Mental. AJMIE: Alhikam Journal of Multidisciplinary Islamic Education, 5(2), 291–306. https://doi.org/10.32478/8zv7ag68
Erhard, P., Wong, T., Barnett, M., Falcomata, T. S., & Lang, R. (2022). Self-Management Skills and Applied Behavior Analysis. August, 957–973. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88538-0_41
Fernández-García, O., Gil-Llario, M. D., Castro-Calvo, J., Morell-Mengual, V., Ballester-Arnal, R., & Estruch-García, V. (2023). Academic Perfectionism, Psychological Well-Being, and Suicidal Ideation in College Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010085
Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L., Nepon, T., Sherry, S. B., & Smith, M. (2022). The destructiveness and public health significance of socially prescribed perfectionism: A review, analysis, and conceptual extension. Clinical Psychology Review, 93(March 2021), 102130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102130
Frost, R. O., Marten, P., Lahart, C., & Rosenblate, R. (1990). The dimensions of perfectionism. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 14(5), 449–468. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01172967
Fuster, A., Vicent, M., & Pérez-Marco, M. (2025). Validation of the Other-Oriented Perfectionism Subscale-Junior Form in Spanish adolescents. Revista de Psicología Clínica Con Niños y Adolescentes, 12(3), 162–167. https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2025.12.3.2
Ghani, H. N. (2025). Upaya Regulasi Diri dalam Mengurangi Prokrastinasi Akademik Pada Mahasiswa : Studi Kasus dalam Penyelesaian Tugas. Jurnal Konseling Dan Psikologi Indonesia, 1(3), 201–216.
Hasan, M., M, Y., Supatminingsih, T., Inanna, I., & Dinar, M. (2021). Ekspektasi Orang Tua Terhadap Pendidikan Anak Dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Ekonomi Informal. Edunomic Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi, 9(2), 183. https://doi.org/10.33603/ejpe.v9i2.5294
Hasanah Nur. (2025). Dampak Tekanan Kinerja Terhadap Penilaian Stres,Regulasi Diri Dan Perilaku Kerja: Sebuah KajianLiteratur. Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen, 13(1), 1–16.
Hendarto, W. T., & Ambarwati, K. D. (2020). Jurnal Jurusan Bimbingan Konseling Undiksha. Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling, 11(2), 148–159.
Homan, A., Gündemir, S., Buengeler, C., & Kleef, G. V. (2020). Leading Diversity: Towards a Theory of Functional Leadership in Diverse Teams. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1–29.
Honicke, T., & Broadbent, J. (2016). The influence of academic self-efficacy on academic performance: A systematic review. Educational Research Review, 17(January), 63–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2015.11.002
Ibili, G., & Tree, J. J. (2025). Maladaptive perfectionism can explain the inverse relationship between dispositional mindfulness and procrastination. PLoS ONE, 12, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0318845
Imronah, Hutapea, J., Kuhuwael, A. F., & Nurcahyanie, O. P. (2024). Faktor-faktor Harapan Orang tua yang Tidak Realistis Terhadap Anak. Jurnal Binagogik, 11(2), 34–48.
Ives, S. I., Wijaya, E., Psikologi, P. S., Tarumanagara, U., Maladaptif, P., Akademik, P., Indonesia, M., Perfectionism, M., Procrastination, A., & Students, I. (2025). Ringkasan Mengenai Perfeksionisme Maladaptif dan Prokrastinasi Akademik di Kalangan Mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia. Jurnal Great, 1, 1800–1805. https://journaledutech.com/index.php/great
Jiang, Y., & Jiang, C. (2025). The impact of maladaptive perfectionism on college students’ bedtime procrastination: The chain mediating effects of nomophobia and physical exercise. Acta Psychologica, 260(April), 105504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105504
Jr, A. O. H., Mcreynolds, M. R., Martinez, D., & Shuler, H. D. (2020). The power of saying no “ Y. EMBO Repports, 1–2. https://doi.org/10.15252/embr.202050918
Juli, N., Nisa, A., Tasdin, W., Jl, A., Parman, L. S., Rw, R. T., Grogol, K., Jakarta, K., Khusus, D., & Jakarta, I. (2025). Hubungan Perfectionism dan Academic Burnout pada Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir di Jakarta untuk mencapai kesempurnaan dan standar pribadi yang 2 sangat tinggi , terlalu kritis and Academic Burnout in Students ”. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Allameh Tabatabai Uni. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Dan Kebidanan, 3(3), 267–277.
Khaleque, A., & Rohner, R. P. (2023). Validation of the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire Among Maltreating and Nonmaltreating Mothers Katherine. Journal of Family Psychology, 17(2), C2–C2. https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.17.2.c2
Kruger, K., Jellie, J., Jarkowski, O., Keglevich, S., & On, Z. X. (2023). Maladaptive and Adaptive Perfectionism Impact Psychological Wellbeing Through Mediator Self-Efficacy Versus Resilience. International Journal of Psychological Studies, 15(3), 46–59. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijps.v15n3p46
Leha, W., Razak, A., & Ridfah, A. (2022). Hubungan Antara Perfeksionisme Dengan Stres Akademik Pada Mahasiswa. JIVA: Journal of Behaviour and Mental Health, 3(2), 96–109. https://doi.org/10.30984/jiva.v3i2.2213
Lubis, H., Sari, A. P., Putri, E., & Juwairiyah, N. (2022). Maladaptive Perfectionist of Excellent School Students. European Journal of Education and Pedagogy, 3(6), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejedu.2022.3.6.476
Lubis, R. A., Psikologi, P. S., Psikologi, F., Prima, U., Sekip, J., Sikambing, S., & Utara, S. (2020). Kecemasan Menyusun Skripsi Ditinjau dari Perfeksionisme pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Prima Indonesia. Jurnal Psikologi Prima, 2(2), 25–40.
M. Sani, R., & Diana, R. (2022). Burnout Akademik pada Mahasiswa yang Sedang Menempuh Tugas Akhir. Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi Akademik, 9(6), 122–132.
Matina, V., Sakdah, N., Studi, P., Tiga, D., Kesehatan, F. I., Jl, A., Lama, B., Km, N., Keude, L., Baro, K. K., & Aceh, K. (2025). Hubungan Fear of Negative Evaluation dengan Perfeksionisme pada Mahasiswa Program Studi Diploma Tiga Keperawatan Universitas Abulyatama. Jurnal Inovasi Kesehatan Global, 2(4), 46–57.
Maulana, M. A. (2025). Peran Psikologi Dakwah dalam Menyikapi Fenomena Overthinking Remaja Muslim. Jurnal Ilmiah Multi Disiplin, 03(03), 1512–1519.
Mistica, R., Zubair, A. G. H., & Nurhikmah, N. (2023). Kecenderungan Perfeksionisme sebagai Prediktor Prokrastinasi Akademik pada Mahasiswa di Kota Makassar. Jurnal Psikologi Karakter, 3(1), 9–15. https://doi.org/10.56326/jpk.v3i1.1996
Mukaromah, Djudiyah, & Zulfiana, U. (2020). Perfeksionisme dan Subjective Well-Being Pada Mahasiswa Organisasi Kesenian. Psycho Holistic, 2(1), 152–166. http://journal.umbjm.ac.id/index.php/psychoholistic
Nurhidayatullah, D., Alam, A. A. F., & Matappa, S. A. (2024). Hubungan Perfeksionisme dan Fear of Failure untuk Menurunkan Kecemasan Akademik di SMP Negeri 33 Makassar. 845–855.
Nursadrina, C., Rahmayanti, K., & Sofia, M. (2025). Pengaruh Stres Terhadap Kesehatan Mental Dan Fisik : Tinjauan Psikologi Klinis. Journal of Healthcare Technology and Medicine, 11(1), 701–705.
Nurvithasary, U., Mufidah, E. F., Poncogati, A., & Nafisah, L. Z. (2025). Menjaga Keseimbangan Emosi Mahasiswa Muslim : Analisis Regulasi Emosi melalui Praktik Keagamaan. Jurnal Bimbingan Penyuluhan & Konseling Islam, 5(1), 43–50. https://doi.org/10.36420/dawa
Pangalipuringtyas, O., Sera, D. C., & Psikologi, F. (2024). Perfeksionisme pada Stres Akademik Mahasiswa di Kota Malang. Seminar Nasional Sistem Informasi, 5311–5322.
Pondang, J., & Kosasih, K. (2024). Hubungan Antara Kelelahan Dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Perawat Rumah Sakit: Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka. EKOMA : Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Akuntansi, 3(6), 1822–1844. https://doi.org/10.56799/ekoma.v3i6.5241
Pratama, F. A. (2025). Zikir dalam Konteks Pengelolaan Kesehatan Mental Muslim : Kajian Konseptual Pendekatan Psiko-Spiritual. Journal of Cross-Disciplinary Insights, 1(1), 1–18.
Prayitno, S. R., Ul Khusna, N. A., & Aini, D. K. (2024). Analisis Penyebab Prokrastinasi Akademik pada Mahasiswa Organisatoris Fakultas Psikologi dan Kesehatan. Psycho Aksara : Jurnal Psikologi, 2(2), 95–101. https://doi.org/10.28926/pyschoaksara.v2i2.1449
Purnamasari, D., Fitriana, S., & Ismah. (2024). [volume 1 nomor 3 , maret] (2024) faktor penyebab akademic burnout pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir. 1, 545–561.
Puspita, B. K., & Kumalasari, D. (2022). Prokrastinasi dan Stres Akademik Mahasiswa. Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 13(2), 79–87. https://doi.org/10.29080/jpp.v13i2.818
Putri, K. P. D., Nauli, F. A., & Aziz, A. R. (2023). Hubungan Burnout terhadap Perilaku Prokrastinasi Akademik pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan Universitas Riau. JUKEJ : Jurnal Kesehatan Jompa, 2(2), 164–177. https://doi.org/10.57218/jkj.vol2.iss2.896
Rahmadanti, A. D., Lubis, F. Y., & Yudiana, W. (2023). Prokrastinasi Akademik Pada Mahasiswa Bidikmisi: Area Dan Faktor Prokrastinasi. Refleksi Edukatika : Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan, 13(2), 218–229. https://doi.org/10.24176/re.v13i2.8892
Rahmawati, S. A., Maharani, S. N., Lina, H. N., & Malang, U. N. (2025). Membangun Growth Mindset Mahasiswa Melalui Sustainability Mental Health. Jurnal Abdi, 11(1), 20–24.
Sagita, D. D., & Meilyawati, V. (2021). Tingkat Academic Burnout Mahasiswa di Masa Pandemi COVID-19. Nusantara of Research : Jurnal Hasil-Hasil Penelitian Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri, 8(2), 104–119. https://doi.org/10.29407/nor.v8i2.16048
Santoso, A. E., Astuti, N. W., & Ninawati, N. (2020). Hubungan Perfectionism Dengan Harga Diri Pada Mahasiswa Dewasa AwalL. Provitae: Jurnal Psikologi Pendidikan, 13(1), 92. https://doi.org/10.24912/provitae.v13i1.7737
Sari, I. N., & Lestari, S. (2023). Perfeksionisme dan Manajemen Waktu Sebagai Prediktor Perilaku Prokrastinasi Akademik pada Mahasiswa Perfectionism and Time Management as Predictors of Undergraduate Academic Procrastination Behavior. Jurnal Psikogenesis, 11(1).
Sholekah, A., & Jawandi, A. (2025). Group Counseling Assertiveness Training Techniques to Reduce Students’ People Pleaser Behavior. Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(3), 39–47.
Silitonga, Y. Y. (2025). Pengaruh Self-Esteem terhadap Prestasi Akademik Mahasiswa. Literacy Notes, 1–9.
Smith, M. M., Hewitt, P. L., Sherry, S. B., Flett, G. L., & Ray, C. (2022). Parenting behaviors and trait perfectionism: A meta-analytic test of the social expectations and social learning models. Journal of Research in Personality, 96(June 2021), 104180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2021.104180
Sujadi, E. (2023). Jurnal Counseling Care Perfeksionisme, Stres, dan Burnout Akademik pada Mahasiswa: Analisis Structural Equation Modeling. Jurnal Counseling Care, 7(1), 41–51. https://doi.org/10.22202/jcc.2023.v7i1.6690
Suyatno, Supatmi, Setyowati, S., Purnomo, P. S., & Agustiningsih. (2025). Hubungan Tingkat Religiusitas dengan Tingkat Stress Remaja. Nursing Science Journal, 6(1), 115–124.
Teck Sen Ng, & Shuib, T. R. (2024). Pengaruh Perfeksionisme Dengan Gaya Mengatasi Mahasiswa Di Universiti Awam Malaysia. Journal of Southeast Asia Psychology (SAPJ), 12(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.51200/sapj.v12i1.5059
Tuasikal, J. M. S., & Smith, M. B. (2023). Academic Burnout Mahasiswa Dalam Pembelajaran Online Pasca Covid 19. Superior Education Journal, 01(April), 11–17. https://jurnal.dosenkolaborasi.org/index.php/SEJ/article/view/2%0Ahttps://jurnal.dosenkolaborasi.org/index.php/SEJ/article/download/2/2
Woodfin, V., Binder, P. E., & Molde, H. (2020). The Psychometric Properties of the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale – Brief. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(August), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01860
Wulandari, K., Ayu, I. G., & Fridari, D. (2025). Peran Perfeksionisme Terhadap Stres Akademik pada. Jurnal Inovasi Global, 3(6).
Xu, G., Liu, Y., Tu, Z., & Yang, X. (2025). A Study on the Differences in Parental Educational Expectations and Adolescents’ Academic and Psychological Development: A Comparative Analysis of Only Children and Non-Only Children. Behavioral Sciences, 15(4), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15040402
Yaser, S., Farisi, A., Arpandy, G. A., & Fitriah, A. (2024). Hubungan Antara Fear Of Failure dengan Perfeksionisme pada Mahasiswa. Jurnal Psikologi, 4, 1–19.
Yunalia, E. M., Suharto, I. P. S., & Sukma, W. (2023). Hubungan Academic Burnout dengan Prokrastinasi. Jurnal Pendidikan, 16(2), 343–353. file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/7904-17816-1-PB.pdf
Yustikasari, F., Hawadi, L. F., Mini, R., Salim, A., Urip, R., Raya, J. M., Depok, K., Barat, J., Raya, J., Sumedang, B., Sumedang, K., & Barat, J. (2020). Perfeksionisme Maladaptif dan Prestasi Akademik Pada Mahasiswa Berbakat Intelektual : Suatu Pendekatan Riset Campuran Sekuensial. Jurnal Psikologi Sains Dan Profesi, 4(1), 56–64.
Zainal, R., Faridilatras, F. A., Megat Nazaruddin, P. F. N., Rosdi, N., & Abd Razak, A. Z. (2024). Measuring The Levels of Perfectionism Among Muslim Gifted and Talented Students. ‘Abqari Journal, 31(2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.33102/abqari.vol31no2.644
Zhou, Y., Chen, S., Zhang, Y., Yang, Y., & Guo, C. (2024). Socially Prescribed Perfectionism and Depression: Roles of Academic Pressure and Hope. School Mental Health, 16(2), 518–529. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12310-024-09655-9
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Yuni Saffiyatina, Fitriah M. Suud
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Tafkir: Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Education is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Based on a work at http://pasca.jurnalikhac.ac.id/index.php/tijie/index.
